Summary: Account of endowment insurance individual serves as answer aged a kind of when the society comes main measure, its run a success to was opposite one country the stability of economic action and society is important with each passing day. The article pointed out account of individual of endowment insurance of worker of our country company moves in the problem of existence, be opposite next account of individual of endowment insurance of worker of our country company ” empty Zhang ” run this heat to the problem undertakes an analysis and put forward to rectify and reform a proposal, aim to seek the reasonable means that becomes solid individual account and way, perfect the system of primary endowment insurance of our country, answer population actively aged social arrival.
Keyword: Endowment insurance; Individual account; Empty Zhang; Annuities

What at present endowment insurance of worker of our country company executes is the endowment insurance policy that the society plans as a whole to be united in wedlock with individual account photograph, this policy is the endowment insurance of pay and its unit pay expends him worker, cent plans as a whole for individual account and society two parts. Among them individual account part belongs to him all, when when retiring, use, but the society is to be taken partly as a whole, use for emeritus now personnel. Surface of active policy of company worker provide for the aged looks move so that do not have what problem, but the appearance that is put in available Zhang to move actually, those who go against endowment insurance system is dovish move.
One, account of individual of worker of company of current our country ” empty Zhang ” the main corrupt practice that run
(one) individual account empty Zhang moves what will affect endowment insurance system is benign move
Rose on January 1, 2006, the endowment insurance system of our country by the past close to pay now now make change to be accumulated partly. The purpose that reforms this is to perfect company worker system of primary endowment insurance, do solid individual account stage by stage. But, because endowment insurance fund is in,past is accumulate without capital, already retired old worker and the on guard worker that protect is joined after 2006, old-age pension should be gotten according to the regulation again after retiring, this share capital originates for the most part the on guard worker that protect is joined after 2006, this was formed ” new personality ” raise ” old person ” and ” go-between ” , cause ” new personality ” empty Zhang of account of endowment insurance individual moves, as aged arrival, the scale of empty Zhang will be larger and larger. Later generations raises the kind of forefathers, it is a risk and difficult impute to actually future, can last what give company worker endowment insurance development brought a lot of issues.
(2) the enthusiasm that individual account empty Zhang runs to protect meeting influence ginseng the worker
One of purposes that design individual account are to make on-the-job when the discretion of salary, capture expends how many, the accident of pay expenses fixed number of year and the income after retiring are contacted. Carry this kind of kind, make the worker raises old life to generate good expectation to what did not come, stimulate a worker thereby gold of active and active pay endowment insurance. But, of current individual account ” empty Zhang ” move, make the worker lives to did not retire whether get sufficient safeguard generated doubt, partial enterprise and worker adopt wait-and-see attitude, this affected current spending not only, and the enthusiasm that damaged a worker to attend endowment insurance and on time the enthusiasm that capture of full specified amount expends.
(3) individual account empty Zhang moves go against our country economy good develop quickly again
Our country from 20 centuries 80 time begin to implement family planning policy, birthrate is reduced substantially, population amount grows speed to drop, person of this one part is belonged to in endowment insurance system ” new personality ” . From the point of the structure that raise fund, fund of primary endowment insurance basically comes from enterprise and individual. Will tell to the enterprise, rate of 20% pay cost is not low, current economic environment is not easy, competitive pressure is particularly great, a lot of companies improve beneficial result through synergism of depletion of numbers, as the blow of crisis of these two years of economy, it is one disaster after another more, the enterprise is lost overweight. So, the breach of capital of provide for the aged of this one part is the individual account of worker of divert on guard normally in real operation, “New personality ” the burden is aggravating. As aged arrival, “Old person ” , ” go-between ” place of endowment insurance fund needs dimensions bigger and bigger, because they do not have individual account to lay in capital, as the elapse of time, the scale of empty Zhang will be larger and larger, cause part of account of individual of endowment insurance fund finally to close to be not touched. Below this kind of circumstance, to assure ” all Zhang is united in wedlock ” of endowment insurance system but durative, the government assumes responsibility with respect to need, invest capital, if financing gap is not big, finance is capable to assume, won’t bring too big impact to the development of national economy; If financing gap is too big, can make national finance bears heavy burden, or enlarges taxation dimensions to increase finance income, or government spending is in other side substantially pare, no matter which kind of means, economy of our country of metropolis block up good develop quickly again, negative effect is more far-reaching.
2, cause account of individual of company worker endowment insurance ” empty Zhang ” the analysis of cause of formation that run
(one) the recessive debt that shunt forms is the main reason that forms individual empty Zhang
System of provide for the aged wants to transfer from the communal pension system that accepts to pay mode now now ” all Zhang is united in wedlock ” mix make, turning in the process that control, already emeritus personnel was not accumulated in the past, and they should get old-age pension by new system again, they get, the share that did not accumulate actually becomes fund of provide for the aged recessive debt. Closing to pay now now make to the middle of accumulating the process that makes change partly, recessive debt turns to this part accumulate make, show, formed historical bills due thereby. So recessive debt calls this share again new old system turns control cost. To solve this problem, the pay cost rate of national regulation enterprise is maintained on average in 20% , plan as a whole when capital pays not quite, can overdraw to individual account. This is divert is used at the capital of accumulated individual account to extend actually pension, bring about quite big empty Zhang of account of one part individual moves, capital already by hollow.

(2) ” mix Zhang ” management is individual account ” empty Zhang ” system germ
1997 ” system of primary endowment insurance decides the company worker that the State Council unites about building ” (abbreviation is ” decision ” ) , the system of primary endowment insurance of town of affirmatory our country plans as a whole to mix with what individual account photograph is united in wedlock for the society make, fund management pattern also by close to pay now now make turn to a part to accumulate make. But ” decision ” in without the regulation the society plans as a whole how to be united in wedlock with individual account, bring about a society to plan as a whole thereby the border with individual account is punch-drunk, become genuine ” mix Zhang ” , this was fund of divert individual account to leave room on system arrangement, plan as a whole for the society fund is without obstacle ground to overdraw ceaselessly individual account accumulated capital to offer convenient door. Fall in this kind of circumstance ” mix Zhang ” is the actual result that government moves: ?  of part of the day of  of over sixty years of age of  of Wu Su Si fly the plan hair method that the? that illuminate excuse me is an annuities merely.
(3) interest rate influence
Below the mode that is united in wedlock in all Zhang, the effect that interest rate balances to endowment insurance fund is practical be bilateral face. With respect to our country at present the state, fundamental annuities interest rate is higher, endowment insurance gold stores frontal appreciation is sharper, in other factor changeless circumstance falls, be equivalent to income increasing, “Empty Zhang ” the circumstance reduces; interest rate taller, the interest rate of charge to an account of individual account is higher also, zhang face rise in value is faster, individual account stores the specified number is larger, the annuities after the worker is retired extends the level is higher, individual account annuities extends defray specified number is larger, in other factor changeless circumstance falls, be equivalent to defray increasing, “Empty Zhang ” meet again aggravate. Because account of individual of current our country is empty Zhang mostly, without the fund that can be used actually at defray, so pension expenses more is relied on now period worker pay cost and endowment insurance fund store the forehead, and the sheer specified number that annuities accumulates frontal appreciation cannot catch up with individual account to store far the sheer number of rise in value of frontal Zhang face, interest rate is higher, difference is bigger, so, interest rate is elevatory load of will aggravating debt.
(4) emeritus age issue
In other condition changeless circumstance falls, the regulation of emeritus age decided one country gets annuities number and annuities to give paid scale, accordingly, of emeritus age changing is an influence ” empty Zhang ” a of dimensions very main factor. The emeritus age that at present my national law decides is 60 one full year of life, 50 time define 20 centuries this, average life expectancy has our country population many years old 50 only at that time, and present population is average life expectancy already was 71 years old. Apparent, grow as population life on these regulations and international and extend the provision of emeritus age ceaselessly, be like the United States 67 years old, germany, England, France is 65 years old, the look is earlier than wanting commonly 5 ～ 10 years, more notable is the phenomenon that in last few years each district deregulation retires ahead of schedule very serious. This kind of too low emeritus age created giant retired worker team, raised the pay of annuities, pay to deal with, also must the fund that divert individual account accumulates.
3, become real company worker the countermeasure of account of individual of primary endowment insurance is discussed
(one) widen endowment insurance invests channel, make up for financing gap
Above all, increase finance allowance appropriately. Finance is direct infuse capital, it is to make up for the means with financing the the directest, most significant gap, but if capital of many infuse finance, can create finance burden overweight, can be opposite even healthy progress of economy produces negative effect. Accordingly, use finance allowance means, want to note spent problem, can use durative allowance means, it is namely in finance income, plan special fund by certain proportion, delimit regularly endowment insurance is special fund, make up for financing gap stage by stage. Next, sell a share state-owned asset. Because system issue was caused ” old person ” accumulate without endowment insurance fund, so the cost that because turn,makes also should by governmental burden. Actually, the endowment insurance rights and interests of these old workers already the finance income that translate into goes, condense in state-owned asset, the provide for the aged of because this government should be right old worker is responsible, can give endowment insurance fund the transfer after state-owned asset money spends one part, this is in sex of theoretic concerned couplet, also have in reality but practicality. Use this kind of means to be able to solve gap of endowment insurance financing on one hand, also can change the state-owned property prediction of a person’s luck in a given year in controlling a process in order to prevent in state-owned company on the other hand. From the point of actual maneuverability angle, the state-owned asset that sell can be nonproductive asset and welfare sex asset only, cannot build an influence to the manufacturing classics with normal company. Again, issue governmental bond. The government can send president period, special and common bond, use technically at making up for gap of endowment insurance financing, debt of dominance of recessive debt translate into, defer contradiction of endowment insurance income and expenses, make endowment insurance turns make transfer smoothly, reduce concussion, contractible and contradictory, reduce turn the cost that control and risk, still can be taken up in order to prevent endowment insurance fund divert.